Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Indian Citizen

The Constitution of India clearly defines the responsibilities of Indian citizen, their Fundamental Rights and Duties. Part II of the Indian Constitution covers the clauses on Citizenship. Fundamental Rights are covered in Part III of the Constitution, while the Fundamental Duties are written in Article 51A. The Constitution, in a way, make the citizens aware of their core rights and responsibilities through the articles dealing with the fundamental Rights and Duties.

Fundamental Rights of the Indian Citizen

Here are the six fundamental rights as per the Constitution of India
1. Right to Equality
2. Right to Particular Freedom
3. Cultural and Educational Rights
4. Right to Freedom of Religion
5. Right Against Exploitation and
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies
Article 12 to 35 of the Indian Constitution covers the Fundamental Rights of the citizen of the country. All these Fundamental Rights indicate that all the citizens are equally treated by the nation irrespective of caste, sex and creed. The basic Fundamental Rights enumerated in Part III of the Indian Constitution are categorized under 7 sections apart from the general segment. The sections are as follows:
General Rights:
Article 12: The Definition of Fundamental Rights is given in this Article
Article 13:The Article comprises Laws of inconsistent with or in derogation of the Fundamental Rights

Right to Equality

Article 14: The provisions regarding Equality before Law are included in this Article
Article 15: Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth is specified in this Article
Article 16: This Article consists of Rights of Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment
Article 17: Abolition of untouchability is mentioned in this particular Article
Article 18: This Article provides details about Abolition of titles

Right to Freedom

Article 19: Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc. are clearly specified in the Article
Article 20: This Article states the Protection in respect of conviction for offenses
Article 21: Protection of life and personal liberty is mentioned in the Article
Article 22: This Article deals with Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases

Right against exploitation

Article 23: The details of Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor are presented in this Article
Article 24: The Article contains Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc

Right to Freedom of Religion

Article 25: Particulars of Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion are clearly enumerated in this Article
Article 26: The Article specifies the Freedom to manage religious affairs
Article 27: Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion is stated in the Article
Article 28: This Article includes Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain education institutions

Cultural and Educational rights

Article 25: Particulars of Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion are clearly enumerated in this Article
Article 26: The Article specifies the Freedom to manage religious affairs
Article 27: Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion is stated in the Article
Article 28: This Article includes Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain education institutions
Cultural and Educational rights:
Article 29: Protection of interests of minorities is specified in detailed form in this Article
Article 30: Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions is scripted in this very Article
Article 31: The Article dealing with Compulsory acquisition of property has been repealed through the Constitution Act, 1978 under 44th Amendment Saving of Certain Laws:
Article 31A: This Article contains Savings of laws providing for acquisition of estates, etc.
Article 31B: Validation of certain Acts and Regulations are mentioned in the Article
Article 31C: This Article deals with Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles
Article 31D: The Article dealing with Saving of laws in respect of anti-national activities has been repealed by Constitution Act, 1977 and was recorded in the 43rd Amendment

Right to Constitutional Remedies

Article 32: Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this part have been included in the Article
Article 32A: Repealed
Article 33: This particular Article addresses the Power of Parliament to modify the rights conferred by this Part in their application to forces, etc.
Article 34: Restriction on rights conferred by this Part while martial law is in force in any area is mentioned in the Article
Article 35: This Article indicates the Legislation to give effect to the provisions of this Part Fundamental Duties

Fundamental Duties of Indian Citizen

It shall be the duty of every citizens of India: -
To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;
To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures;
To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
To safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.